CCCCC AA RRRRR OOOO LL II NN N AA CC AA A RR R OO O LL II NNN N AA A CC AA A RRRRR OO O LL II NN N N AA A CC AAAAAA RR R OO O LL II NN NN AAAAAA CCCCC AA A RR R OOOO LLLLLL II NN N AA A STUDENTS' E-MAIL NEWS FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Smetanovo nabr. 6 110 01 Prague 1 Czech Republic e-mail: CAROLINA@mbox.fsv.cuni.cz tel: (+4202) 22112252, fax: (+4202) 24810987 *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* C A R O L I N A No 329, Friday, April 23, 1999. FROM THE EVENTS OF THE PAST WEEK (April 14 - April 21) Government and Parliament Comply with NATO Wishes Both chambers of the Czech Parliament confirmed during an extraordinary session April 21 the Government's decision to grant the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) wishes. Ministers April 18 voted to allow NATO bombers and NATO ground forces to cross Czech territory or stay in the Czech Republic. The Government's decision must be confirmed by deputies and senators, according to the Czech Constitution. From the five proposed military and civilian airports, Alliance chose the two civil airports, because their runways are longer than 3 km/1.8 miles. Prague's Ruzyne Airport and Ostrava's Mosnov Airport can be used by 24 planes. President Vaclav Havel said he is delighted by the Government's response to NATO's requests. He said he considers the decision a clear fulfillment of the Czech Republic's responsibility as a NATO member. Michaela Prokopova/Jakub Jirovec Opposition to NATO Attacks Increases in Czech Republic According to the newest STEM Agency's public opinion poll for Czech Television and Czech Radio, the number of respondents who disagree with NATO attacks on Yugoslavia rose in the past two weeks. The number of opponents rose from 40 per cent of respondents to 48 per cent of respondents, while the number of supporters decreased from 40 per cent to 34 per cent. Eighteen per cent of the respondents do not have a clear opinion. "The conflict is lasting too long. People imagined that it would end very quickly, now we can see their impatience," said Vera Haberlova of STEM for the daily MF DNES. Haberlova also said that the citizens' opinion was influenced by the unintentional bombing of a refugee convoy, which happened the same day the poll was taken. Three-quarters of respondents would refuse to accommodate Kosovo refugees in their homes. Two-thirds of respondents said the Czech Republic is providing enough humanitarian aid for Kosovo Albanians. Different opinions appear across the political spectrum. Only people who voted for the Freedom Union (Unie svobody, US) unanimously support the attacks. Linda Kholova/Jakub Jirovec Zeman Visits Russia and Three Central Asian Republics Prime Minister Milos Zeman left April 15 for an eastward journey. He was the first NATO member-country head of state to visit Russia after the Kosovo crisis broke out and after three days he went to Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. The main topic of Zeman's negotiations with Russian Premier Jevgenij Primakov was the Russian debt towards the Czech republic. The debt of 4 billion USD should be repaid in oil and natural gas. Russia will also help with Kazakh debt to the Czech Republic, which should be repaid with 2.6 billion cubic metres of gas and oil. In Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan, Zeman opened an exhibit called The Czech Republic - Your Business Partner. He also talked with Uzbekistan President Islam Karimov about the Kosovo crisis and trade between the Czech Republic and Uzbekistan. Radan Dolejs/Jakub Jirovec European Parliament Demands Cancellation of Benes Decrees The European Parliament called on the Czech Republic to cancel the decrees of President Edvard Benes (Czechoslovak president between 1935-38 and 1945-48). The demand is part of a resolution concerning the Report on the Czech Republic, which was approved April 19. The resolution, which was allegedly pushed by the European Peoples Party, also criticizes the citizenship law, the protection of Romany minority and rising unemployment. Czech representatives refer to the circumstances of the resolution's approval: from 626 deputies voted 94 for the resolution, 90 were against and 4 abstained. "It was unfortunate - the voting about the resolutions took place in the evening, when a lot of deputies were absent," said an unnamed Parliament representative to daily Lidove noviny. President's Vaclav Havel's spokesman Ladislav Spacek said that it is impossible to remove the decrees from the Czech law system. The decrees of former President Benes from autumn 1945 enabled the expulsion of Sudeten Germans from Czechoslovakia. Some Czech historians and journalists think the decrees are now invalid because they were cancelled by later constitutions. Zuzana Janeckova/Jakub Jirovec CNTS Fires Zelezny, Starts Fight over TV NOVA Vladimir Zelezny was fired April 19 from the position of general director of the Czech Independent Television Company (CNTS), the service company responsible for providing broadcasting for the county's dominant television network, TV NOVA. The American company Central European Media Enterprises (CME) owns 99 per cent of CNTS. CNTS's general meeting recalled Zelezny because without notifying his business partners Zelezny tried to transfer all rights for buying television programs to a company he controls. Few Czech media, however, pointed out the connection between the firing and the announcement three weeks ago that the Swedish television conglomerate SBS was buying out CME, for which only NOVA makes a profit. Zelezny still remains the majority owner (60 per cent) of the company CET 21, which holds NOVA's broadcasting license. In other words, he controls the station's license, but has been fired from the company that at present arranges TV NOVA's broadcasting. A fight for control of the most-watched station in the Czech Republic broke out, as Zelezny refused to give up. According to regular weekly ratings, NOVA's audience share comes to more than 50 per cent among the adult population, one of the highest in Europe. Both parties claim they do not want to interrupt broadcasting. Zelezny said the conflict might intensify and NOVA's operation could be jeopardized. In that event Zelezny said he would establish a station of his own, without CNTS. He announced that he is prepared to broadcast from another location and that he allegedly already received financial backing to make it possible. NOVA managers asked employees whether they would be willing to leave CNTS and sign a contract with CET 21. Although both parties say they are willing to reach an agreement, they continue making accusations and a court battle is a possibility. CME President Fred Klinkhammer said Zelezny violated the law by taking advantage of his position and he wants to present evidence to the police. On the other hand, Zelezny accused CME of financially damaging his profitable network and blocking domestic Czech television production. Zelezny said CNTS last year showed a profit of 900 million crowns. Jan Mates/Sofia Karakeva Criminal Defendant Kidnapped from Prague Courtroom Two men managed April 16 to kidnap a criminal trial defendant directly from a Prague courtroom. Prague's City Court was dealing with the case of Nedzedin Zeka's extradition to Germany on suspicions of drug dealing. In the middle of the hearing two men with guns managed within a few minutes to disarm court bailiffs guarding the defendant and left the building with Zek. Police managed to catch one of the kidnappers. The kidnappers took advantage of the building's poor security measures. There is no metal detector at the Court's entrance, unlike most Czech courts, and the courtroom layout is not conducive to tight security. Unarmed guards sit next to the accused, facing the judge and cannot see what is going on in the gallery behind them. Judges, politicians and policemen expressed disappointment with the kidnapping. Justice Minister Otakar Motejl met with the chairmen of regional and superior courts. Because there is no money in his budget for security equipment he decided that from May 1 the positioning of defendants and bailiffs in the courtroom will be changed. Marketa Lajdova/Sofia Karakeva Fence to Appear in Maticna Street A 180-centimeter-high/nearly six-foot ceramic-brick fence is going to be built in Maticna Street in Usti nad Labem. The fence will separate the houses of white residents from public housing where Romanies (Gypsies) live. The agreement was signed by the mayor of the Usti district of Nestemice, Pavel Tosovsky, and the chairman of the Romany Rainbow (Romska duha) Association, Tibor Badi. Playgrounds and new sidewalks will also be built on the site. The Romanies are divided into two camps. Those from Romany Rainbow agree with the fence and will find be employed at the building site, while other Romanies protest. Government Representative for Human Rights Petr Uhl sharply protested as well. The white residents of Maticna Street and Usti nad Labem Mayor Ladislav Hruska sent a letter to the Government demanded Uhl's firing. The letter says Uhl is interested only in the rights of the residents of the public housing and is ignoring the right of the white majority. Klara Nedvedova/Katerina Kolarova Hundreds of Skinheads March through Rakovnik Approximately 200 members of the National Alliance (Narodni aliance) and the Patriotic Front (Vlastenecka fronta) and their followers marched through Rakovnik March 17. Because both associations are considered skinhead organizations, the meeting was accompanied by strengthened security measures. Police took action against a man carrying a flag with a Celtic cross. During the march the skinheads criticized NATO attacks on Yugoslavia and also criticized gays, Jews, President Havel and his wife. The demonstration ended with the rending and burning of Havel's portrait. Ondrej Fer/Katerina Kolarova FROM SLOVAKIA Vladimir Meciar Remains HZDS Chairman Former Slovak Premier Vladimir Meciar was re-elected chairman of the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (HZDS) at the extraordinary party congress in Dubnica nad Vahom April 17. He declared that if the former chief of the Slovak Information Service (SIS) Ivan Lexa and the former Interior Minister Gustav Krajci had not been prosecuted and stripped of their immunity, he would never have run for the presidency (see Carolina 328). The election of a party presidium with 56 new party officials indicated new trends toward change inside the party. Nominees for the top party positions included Sergej Kozlik (economy), Gustav Krajci (interior, regional policy), Vojtech Tkac (social policy). Rudolf Ziak, the head of the former counterintelligence service of the SIS, is responsible for foreign policy matters. The original Movement may be transformed into a party, called perhaps the Social Democrats or the People's Party, by the end of the year. At the party congress Meciar criticized the chaotic policies of the Government parties and their attitude toward HZDS. According to the daily Pravda, Meciar asked the party to be prepared for an early election that he expects by the end of 2000. Augustin Marian Huska tried to analyze the cause of the HZDS failure in the last election. The HZDS congress labelled main shortcomings of the party during the election campaign as follows: media policy, neglecting young voters, underestimating foreign influences and a prevailing self-satisfaction in party circles. Jana Kadlecova/Milan Smid ECONOMY Another IMF Report on the State of Czech Economy The latest report on the state of Czech economy was prepared after the 10-day International Monetary Fund (IMF) mission consisting of consultations with the Finance Ministry, Czech National Bank (Ceska narodni banka, CNB) and other Czech institutions closed April 16. Deputy head of the IMF's Europe 1 division Jacques Artus said to the daily Hospodarske noviny April 19: "The Czech Republic's immediate priority is to halt the recession and to launch the revitalization of economy." Economic experts approved loosening the strict monetary policy. According to their expectations, this year's economic growth will be, at best, zero, meaning that the budget deficit will exceed the 31 billion crowns approved by Parliament. Artus said there is no chance for sustainable revitalization of the economy without eliminating its long-term structural problems. There is a necessity to reform the tax system, strengthening the VAT's role, reform healthcare and the pension system. A light at the end of the tunnel of the Czech economy's development might be the revitalization program, although a condition for its success is the proper selection of companies for the program and its prompt introduction. The IMF mission did not voice any objection to CNB policy. Pavlina Hodkova/Denisa Vitkova Government's Revitalization Plan to Begin The Government, after March 3 deciding to create the Revitalization Agency and complete a industrial revitalization and restructuring program, accepted April 14 the definitive form of the plan (see Carolina 326, 328). The agency, which should be created within four weeks after the Government passes a resolution on the agency's status and activities, will have three managerial bodies: a board of directors (representing significant agency shareholders), a supervisory board (state representatives to be elected by the legislature) and an investment committee (representing banks involved). Trade Minister Miroslav Gregr, who provided an early, rejected draft for the program, is a likely candidate for the position of chairman of the supervisory board, which will monitor the agency's activities and will receive quarterly reports from the board of directors. Pavlina Hodkova/Denisa Vitkova CNB 1998 Results End with Loss of 50.7 Billion Crowns According to t data published in daily Hospodarske noviny April 15, the Czech National Bank (Ceska narodni banka, CNB) ended up with a loss of 50.7 billion crowns for 1998. Head of the internal finance management section of CNB Marian Mayer said to Hospodarske noviny: "The bank's decisions concerning monetary issues cannot be subordinated to economic results, therefore profit cannot be an indicator of actual managerial performance." The CNB's primary task is maintaining the stability of the Czech currency. Pavlina Hodkova, Denisa Vitkova Exchange Rates at the Czech National Bank (valid April 23) ------------------------------------------------------------ 1 EUR = 37.885 country currency CZK ------------------------------------------ Australia 1 AUD 23.042 Great Britain 1 GBP 57.213 Denmark 1 DKK 5.097 Japan 100 JPY 29.632 Canada 1 CAD 23.952 IMF 1 XDR 48.172 Hungary 100 HUF 15.122 Norway 1 NOK 4.586 New Zealand 1 NZD 19.444 Poland 1 PLN 8.858 Greece 100 GRD 11.604 Slovakia 100 SKK 84.358 Slovenia 100 SIT 19.780 Sweden 1 SEK 4.255 Switzerland 1 CHF 23.651 USA 1 USD 35.628 Exchange Rates of countries particpating in the euro (converted from the euro rate) country currency CZK ----------------------------------------- Germany 1 DEM 19.370 Belgium 100 BEF 93.914 Finland 1 FIM 6.372 France 1 FRF 5.776 Ireland 1 IEP 48.104 Italy 1000 ITL 19.566 Luxemburg 100 LUF 93.914 Netherlands 1 NLG 17.191 Portugal 100 PTE 18.897 Austria 1 ATS 2.753 Spain 100 ESP 22.769 CULTURE Ninth Writers Festival Offers Various Programs The ninth Prague Writers Festival began April 12 with a discussion of the Nobel Prize and ended with an international evening April 16. The event has developed after humble beginnings and has become an important part of Czech culture. Besides readings and discussion there were also two performances and competition for young writers. Each day was dedicated to one nation (Sweden, Germany, Hungary, Australia and Italy), which was represented by its writers, and ended with an international evening. Few Czech writers took part. Besides the cooperation of sculptor Olbram Zoubek, only Michal Viewegh presented his new short story The Nose. Highlights included visits by playwrights Harold Pinter, Slawomir Mrozek and Petr Olov Enquist. Another visitor was also Janette Turner Hospital, and during the discussion of Australian culture she talked about what to do when lost in the bush. She recommended sitting down calmly and shaking a dry martini. Naturally someone will appear and complain that a martini cannot be shaken this way. Performances were given with British humor and self-irony by James Naughton, professor of literature at Oxford University. Pavel Sladky/Jan Martinek For Three Days and Three Nights Prague Reading Alexandr Solzhenitsyn In Prague's St. Salvador Church from 3 p.m. April 18 a continuous reading of the works of Alexandr Solzhenitsyn, Russian author of the Gulag Archipelago and One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich. The happening took up where last year's nonstop reading of Lawrence Ferlinghetti's works left off. Anyone could choose an extract and read it to the public. Deputy Prime Minister Pavel Mertlik, Prague Mayor Jan Kasl and priest-poet Svatopluk Karasek read Solzhenitsyn's works. This year's literary presentation was part of the multicultural Artforum 99, which also includes Jazz Days. The choice of the writer was connected with the 10th anniversary of the fall of communism in Europe and with an exhibit of Samizdat literature. This reading was also linked with the last day of the Prague Writers Festival, where German author D.M. Thomas read parts of his new Solzhenitsyn biography. Pavel Sladky/Sofia Karakeva Return of the Idiot Dominates Finale Competition Now in its 12th year, the Pilsen (Plzen) film festival evaluated last year's Czech films. As expected, Sasa Gedeon's Return of the Idiot (Navrat idiota) received the main prize, the Golden Kingfisher, as well as the Don Quixote Award, given by the International Association of Film Clubs. The film celebrities commission, headed by Slovak director Juraj Jakubisko this year, decided on the Golden Kingfisher award. The new film Cozy Beds (Pelisky) received the audience award and the film What You Catch in the Rye (Co chytnes v zite) film was awarded the special prize of the International Association of Film Clubs. Petra Machova/Zuzana Janeckova Vladimir Macura Dies Czech literature lost another writer, literary theoretician and translator Vladimir Macura, April 17. Macura's semiotic work and his interpretation of Czech history and symbols in his books The Czech Dream (Cesky sen), Signs of Creation (Znameni zrodu) and The Age of Happiness (Stastny vek) makes Macura irreplaceable in Czech literature. Pavel Sladky/Zuzana Janeckova SPORTS Vsetin Wins Hockey Extraleague for Fifth Consecutive Year The Staropramen Extraleague has not had a different champion since Vsetin moved up into the league in 1994. However, this year's road to the title was, Vsetin players said, the most difficult. Vsetin had to defeat Vitkovice in the quarterfinals (losing one of four games), battle with Sparta in a five-game semifinal series (the first five-game series in Vsetin playoff history) and then defeat Zlin in three hard games in the finals. After two wins over Zlin at home (3-1 and 4-3), Vsetin played the third game in Zlin. Vsetin turned the score around from 0-1 to 2-1 during 50 seconds of the 25th minute thanks to Tomas Srsen and Michal Bros. In the 35th minute Martin Prochazka, the most productive player of the playoffs, added Vsetin's third goal, and although Petr Cajanek tied the score, Jan Tomajko of Vsetin decided the game in the 52nd minute. Vsetin won the deciding game 4-2 and swept the final series 3-0. The final standings of the Staropramen Extraleague season 1998-99: 1. Vsetin, 2. Zlin, 3. Trinec, 4. Sparta Praha, 5. Ceske Budejovice, 6. Plzen, 7. Pardubice, 8. Vitkovice, 9. Litvinov, 10. Slavia Praha, 11. Karlovy Vary, 12. Opava, 13. Kladno, 14. Jihlava. Jihlava is relegated to the first league and will be replaced by Znojmo. Shortly after the end of the playoffs, the Extraleague saw some interesting changes. The Opava team will move near Havirov and will have a new coach - Richard Farda, who had led Slavia until this season. Sparta Praha prepared the most powerful pair of goaltenders for the next season. It signed a new contract with former national team keeper Petr Briza, who had played in the German league's Landshut. Briza will join another national team keeper, Milan Hnilicka, who was the best goalkeeper of this year's playoffs. Petr Novy, Stepan Etrych/Mirek Langer Soccer: Olomouc Fires Coach, but Gets Only One Point without Him A paradox: The biggest surprise of the soccer league's 23rd round did not originate on the field, but with the Sigma Olomouc's management. Management fired coach Milan Boksa because of the team's performances in the league and in the Cup. During Olomouc's game in Brno, assistant coach Leos Kalvoda stood in for Boksa, but Dan Matuska (coach of the third league's Jihlava) will be Sigma's new coach. Sigma was not able to score and its game finished a scoreless tie. The games of Prague's Sparta and Slavia, played April 19, both finished 1-1. Sparta only managed to score in extra time in Blsany and saved a point there. Slavia, which could have reduced Sparta's advantage in the standings, made one big mistake on defense and also recorded only one point at home against Plzen. Results of the 23rd round: Opava - Drnovice 4-0, Pribram - Jablonec 1-1, Liberec - Karvina 3-1, Teplice - Hradec Kralove 4-0, Blsany - Sparta Praha 1-1, Slavia Praha - Plzen 1-1, Ostrava - Zizkov 2-1. Standings: 1. Sparta Praha 47, 2. Teplice 39, 3. Slavia Praha 39, 4. Olomouc 36, 5. Drnovice 35, 6. Blsany 33, 7. Ostrava 31, 8. Brno 31, 9. Opava 30, 10. Liberec 30, 11. Hradec Kralove 29, 12. Jablonec 28, 13. Zizkov 25, 14. Dukla 23, 15. Plzen 21, 16. Karvina 19. Vladimir Vorechovsky/Mirek Langer Jagr Wins His Third Art Ross Trophy and Ends Gretzky's Career Jaromir Jagr of the Pittsburgh Penguins won the Art Ross Trophy as the most productive player in the NHL for the third time in his career. He played 81 games and recorded 127 points on 44 goals and 83 assists. Teemu Selanne, a Finnish member of the Anaheim Mighty Ducks, finished 21 points behind. Jagr recorded his last point of this season in New York against the Rangers, in the last game of Wayne Gretzky's s career. Jagr decided the game on an overtime goal for a 2-1 victory. "Jaromir apologized to me and he said he did not want to do it. I understand him. I used to say it to older and more experienced players, which I respected," Gretzky said. The USA Today daily wrote that Gretzky, the greatest hockey player ever, handed the torch over to the top current forward Jagr. However, if Jagr wants to overtake Gretzky in the lifetime points category at Jagr's current productivity, he will have to play until he is 43. Goalkeeper Roman Turek from Dallas, together with his teammate Ed Belfour, allowed the least goals in the NHL. Former Pardubice forward Milan Hejduk was the most productive rookie in the NHL - in his first season in Colorado he recorded 48 points on 14 goals and 34 assists. Eight Czech players will take part in the NHL playoffs' first round game between Pittsburgh and New Jersey. Jagr, Martin Straka, Jiri Slegr, Robert Lang and Jan Hrdina will play for the Penguins, while Petr Sykora, Patrik Elias and Robert Holik for the Devils. Stepan Etrych/Mirek Langer Preparation for Hockey World Championships Concludes, Dopita out The Czech ice hockey national team is finishing its preparation for the World Championships, which will take place in Norway May 1-16. Vsetin forward Jiri Dopita disappointed coaches Ivan Hlinka and Josef Augusta by announcing he would not go to Norway because of knee injury. Only three players from extraleague champion Vsetin are on the squad: Roman Cechmanek, Pavel Patera and Martin Prochazka. Four players from NHL teams not in the playoffs have joined the national team: Radek Dvorak and Jaroslav Spacek from the Florida Panthers, Pavel Kubina from the Tampa Bay Lightning and Martin Rucinsky from the Montreal Canadiens. Four players from the NHL playoffs first round "Czech series" (see above) - Jagr, Straka, Elias and Sykora - are prepared to join the team and two of them will be free after the first round. The Czech team closed out its preparation matches with two games against Russia. Results: Czech Republic - Russia 5-0 (in Marianske Lazne April 21) and 3-2 (in Pilsen April 22). Stepan Etrych/Mirek Langer Czech Women's Tennis Returns to Fed Cup Elite without Novotna The Czech women's tennis team defeated Belarus 4-1 in Minsk April 17-18 in the KB Fed Cup second division and earned membership in the elite group for next year. The singles match decided the tie, as doubles partners Kvetoslava Hrdlickova and Denisa Chladkova won all their games. They had a difficult task, playing against the top-20 singles player Natasha Zvereva and talented Olga Barabanschikova. The team was weakened by Jana Novotna's absence, about which Hrdlickova said: "We proved we could advance even without her. However, nobody will keep her from returning to the team. Everything just depends on Jana and her decision." Josef Koukolicek/Mirek Langer SPORTS IN BRIEF * Sparta Praha and Slavia Praha will meet in the semifinal of the Czech Soccer Cup. Both won their quarterfinal matches. The second finalist will be determined by the match between Drnovice and Liberec. Results of the quarterfinals: Sparta Praha - Brno 1-0, Opava - Liberec 0-1, Drnovice - Olomouc 1-0, Slavia Praha - Ostrava 2-2 (3-0 on penalty shots). * Olymp Praha won the women's volleyball league. In the final best-of-five series of the playoffs, it defeated reigning champion Lapos Frenstat 3-1. * Fatra Zlin will meet Jihostroj Ceske Budejovice in the men's volleyball league final. While Ceske Budejovice advanced waited, Zlin had to play five hard games against Corps Usti nad Labem in the semifinal series. Jirka Wazik/Mirek Langer WEATHER Czech spring usually comes for a week at the end of February and then abandons its position. This happened again this year. Last week, nighttime temperatures in Prague were below freezing and temperatures during the day were around 8 degrees Celsius/46 degrees Fahrenheit. Rain drops kept falling on our heads and snow appeared in the mountains again. People were in a bad mood and young couples left the parks. Today, when we woke up, the sky was blue and it will stay blue for the rest of the day. The flowers are smiling, the trees are in bloom and young couples are in the parks again. Drunks can sleep outside, swimmers can swim in the Vltava River, streets are full of ice cream vendors. Spring would appear to have arrived for good. Jakub Jirovec/Jakub Jirovec English version edited by Michael Bluhm. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- This news may be published only with attribution to CAROLINA. Subscription is free. Comments and remarks are appreciated. 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